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• 1. Infinitives The final verbal…..
• 2. Infinitives
  • are verbals which means they are verbs that act as other parts of speech.
  • Remember the other verbals?
  • Participles act as ADJECTIVES.
  • Gerunds act as NOUNS, which in turn act as subjects, direct objects, indirect objects, predicate nominatives, objects of prepositions, and appositives.
• 3. Infinitives
  • act as nouns, adjectives, and adverbs
  • An infinitive is the TO form of a verb
  • The infinitive of run… is TO RUN
  • The infinitive of scream… is TO SCREAM
  • The infinitive of eat… is TO EAT
• 4. WARNING
  • Please note the difference between the following!
  • To THE MALL and to swim
  • One is an infinitive, and the other is a prepositional phrase. Do NOT get these confused.
  • If “to” is followed by a noun or pronoun, then it is a prepositional phrase. VERBALS ARE ABOUT VERBS! 
• 5. Infinitives as Nouns
  • Just like gerunds, they act as subjects, direct objects, and predicate nominatives. NOTE: They do not act as objects of the preposition or indirect objects…. This IS different!
  • Look at the following! First, find the infinitive that is being used as a noun, and then determine which role it is playing!
• 6.
  • To err is human.
  • To err is human. Subject
  • Riff always wanted to act.
  • Riff always wanted to act . Direct object
  • Maria’s dream is to marry Tony.
• 7. Infinitives as Adjectives
  • Like all adjectives, infinitives acting as adjectives modify NOUNS or PRONOUNS!
  • The candidate to trust is Tony.
  • Note that the infinitive is to trust and that it is modifying or describing candidate.
• 8. More adjective examples….
  • Those are the easiest dogs to train.
  • Those are the easiest dogs to train . (note that to train modifies DOGS.
  • He has a great ability to paint.
  • He has a great ability to paint . ( To paint modifies ability, which is a noun.)
• 9. Infinitives as Adverbs
  • Infinitives also act as adverbs; they must modify VERBS, ADJECTIVES, or other ADVERBS.
  • They act like adverb prepositional phrases.
• 10. Infinitives as Adverbs
  • Consider these examples….
  • The team was slow to score.
  • To score modifies the word “slow.” Slow is an adjective.
  • My grandmother has come to stay.
  • To stay modifies the verb, come.
• 11. Now…. YOU TRY!!! First, find the infinitive and then determine how it is functioning in the sentence!
  • Our assignment was to read that book.
  • Our assignment was to read that book. PN
  • We were asked to memorize this poem.
  • We were asked to memorize this poem. DO
• 12.
  • He was eager to experience college.
  • He was eager to experience college. Adv.
  • The person to help you is Doc!
  • The person to help you is Doc! Adj.
  • To leave town is relaxing!
  • To leave town is relaxing! Subj.
• 13. A final point….
  • Sometimes, an infinitive has an elliptical “to.”
  • Elliptical means silent or understood. This word is used throughout English grammar!
  • The “to” may be left out completely.
  • He will help us paddle to shore.
  • He will help us TO paddle to shore.
  • Watch out for these!